Biologics
Adalimumab
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody specific for human necrosis factor alpha, TNF-α. It is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent. Adalimumab is administered by subcutaneous injection. It binds specifically to TNF and neutralises its biological activity by blocking interaction with receptors on the cell surface.
The most common side-effects of Adalimumab are infections (sinusitis, respiratory tract infections), headaches, musculoskeletal pain, and injection site reactions. Like any other anti-TNF antagonist, Adalimumab can also be used in the management of Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis involving multiple joints, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), axial spondyloarthropathy, and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthropathy;
For more information please refer to the summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR)
Etanercept
Etanercept is a recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor (p75) Fc fusion protein. Fusion protein can recognise and bind specifically to antigens present in the body to block the activity of TNF-α. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, the inflammation extent is progressively reduced. Etanercept is used in plaque psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The most common side-effects of etanercept are: injection site reaction (i.e.erythema, itching) and infections (common cold, pneumonia).
For more information please refer to the summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR)
Infliximab
For more information please refer to the summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR)
Ustekinumab
For more information please refer to the summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR)